小羊英文报摘

Most of what we know about the Earth's interior(内部；内部结构) comes from observing seismic waves(地震波). These travel at somewhat different speeds depending on the details of the rock they're moving through—whether it's solid or semi-molten(半熔融的), how much water is present, whether it's fractured(破碎的；有裂缝的) or solid material, and so on. Get enough data from enough seismic events(地震事件/地震活动), and you can start piecing together(拼凑；拼合) a picture of what's present at different depths below the surface. In many cases, we can get this data from naturally occurring events like earthquakes. In others, we intentionally create waves using things like explosives(炸药), providing the opportunity to do imaging(成像; 成像技术) in specific areas without needing to wait for an earthquake. Now, a team of scientists at Penn State(宾夕法尼亚州立大学) suggests there's a potential option that sits between waiting for an earthquake and triggering your own seismic event: thunderstorms(雷暴). Some of the energy carried by thunder(雷声; 雷) enters the Earth's upper crust(地壳上部), triggering what are termed "thunderquakes(雷震)." But, for various physical reasons, the seismic signals are extremely complex, making it difficult to extract(提取; 抽取) clear signals from them. The Penn State team says it has finally constructed a model that can help make sense of(理解; 梳理清楚) this complexity and used it to reconstruct(重建; 复原) the terrain(地形; 地貌) under the local campus(校园).

This week, two New York City renters filed a class action complaint(集体诉讼状；集体起诉书) alleging(指控；声称) that a brokerage business(经纪公司；中介公司) called Compass—which has been boycotting(抵制；拒绝参与) posting listings on free digital platforms like Zillow —has now delisted(下架；撤销挂牌) so many rental units that it has created a fake supply shock(供给冲击) that is artificially(人为地；人工地) raising rents. According to plaintiffs(原告), Peter Castaneda and Haley Gelfand, Compass has bought so many brokerage firms over the past decade-plus(十多年；十年以上) that it maintains a monopoly(垄断), controlling “over 80 percent of the rental unit listings available for renters in Manhattan based on 2025 data.” With that monopoly, Compass can “literally(字面上地；实际上) dictate pricing(决定价格；指定价格) for as much as 80 percent of Manhattan’s rental units,” renters argued. And now, Compass is allegedly(据称；涉嫌) trying to manipulate prices on other platforms, as well.